Association of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction With Cerebrovascular Risk and Cognitive Decline in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

Co-authors:
Citations:
Date: 03/06/2026
Abstract: Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with microvascular complications that may contribute to both cardiovascular and neurological morbidity. Objective: To evaluate the association of coronary microvascular dysfunction with stroke risk, cognitive decline, and selected hematologic/metabolic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without major vessel occlusion. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Jinnah International Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan, from May 2025 to November 2025. A total of 255 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling. Coronary microvascular dysfunction was assessed through clinical evaluation and available cardiovascular investigations in patients without significant epicardial coronary artery obstruction. Results: The mean age of the participants was 54.7 ± 10.9 years, and 146 (57.3%) were male. Coronary microvascular dysfunction was identified in 112 (43.9%) patients. Cognitive decline was significantly more frequent among patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction than those without it (46.4% vs. 29.4%, p = 0.006). Elevated stroke risk was also higher in patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction (43.8% vs. 23.1%, p = 0.001). Patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction had longer diabetes duration (10.1 ± 4.3 vs. 7.4 ± 3.6 years, p = 0.001), higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels (8.9 ± 1.6% vs. 7.8 ± 1.4%, p = 0.001), higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (142.1 ± 27.5 vs. 128.4 ± 28.7 mg/dL, p = 0.004), and greater frequencies of hypertension (63.4% vs. 46.9%, p = 0.012) and dyslipidemia (55.4% vs. 41.3%, p = 0.028). Conclusion: Coronary microvascular dysfunction was common among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and was significantly associated with cognitive decline, elevated stroke risk, and adverse metabolic profiles. Early identification of microvascular dysfunction may improve vascular risk stratification and guide preventive strategies in diabetic patients.

Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Adult Population of Rural Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Co-authors:
Citations:
Date: 20/05/2026
Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) are significant non-communicable conditions with overlapping risk factors and high morbidity and mortality. Their prevalence in adults, in order to plan their prevention, requires understanding. Objective: To find out the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in adults population. Methods: The study was a cross sectional study carried out between Jan, 2024 and December, 2024 with 422 adults who received outpatient and community care. Consecutive sampling was used to select the participants. The socio-demographic information was gathered using structured questionnaires. Blood pressure was recorded with the help of standardized sphygmomanometer and diabetes was evaluated with the help of random blood glucose and history recorded. Data was analyzed in SPSS v24, and the descriptive statistics, chi-square and p-values less than 0.05 were taken into account as significant. Results: The average age of respondents was 44.6 ± 13.8 years and 53.6% of them were females. The diabetes mellitus prevalence was 29.9%, hypertension 37.4%, and 21.8% had both. The disease prevalence of both diseases rose considerably with age (p < 0.001). Urban residents were more likely to have diabetes (p = 0.018), whereas men had higher chances of having hypertension (p = 0.041). Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are very common in adults and mostly in the older age and urbania. The widespread cooccurrence highlights the fact that screening at an earlier age, combined management, and health programs of the population would be necessary to decrease morbidity and complications

The Rise of Ecommerce App Development in the USA: What Businesses Need in 2025

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Citations:
Date: 02/02/2026
Abstract: The rise of mobile commerce has accelerated the demand for sophisticated ecommerce applications in the United States, with 2026 marking a pivotal year for digital transformation among consumer-focused businesses. This blog explores the current landscape of ecommerce app development, highlighting why mobile apps have become essential assets for brands seeking to improve user engagement, increase conversions, and build stronger customer loyalty. Key market trends—including artificial intelligence, augmented reality, voice commerce, and progressive web technologies—are examined to show how they influence app features and user expectations. The discussion also emphasizes what modern US businesses must prioritize in ecommerce app strategies, such as performance optimization, data security, scalability, and seamless integration with existing systems. Additionally, the blog underscores the importance of choosing the right development partner, such as an experienced ecommerce app development company or app development company in USA, to ensure compliance, innovation, and long-term success. Ultimately, the blog provides actionable insights for companies preparing to launch or enhance mobile commerce solutions, with a clear focus on consumer preferences, competitive differentiation, and future-ready architecture that aligns with evolving digital behaviors.

Ottieni la tua patente di guida di categoria B in modo rapido e semplice senza esame! 100%✅

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Citations:
Date: 08/01/2026
Abstract: Ottieni la tua patente di guida di categoria B in modo rapido e semplice senza esame! 100%✅ Hai bisogno di una patente di guida tedesca o forse di una patente di guida polacca? Non cercare oltre! Siamo specializzati nell'aiutarti a ottenere la patente di guida in Polonia senza la password di un esame. Che tu abbia bisogno di una patente di guida tedesca o desideri conoscere il costo della patente di guida tedesca, abbiamo la soluzione per te. Per chi desidera guidare in Romania, offriamo un servizio di patente di guida rumena veloce e affidabile. Allo stesso modo, se sei interessato a ottenere una patente di guida norvegese, possiamo assisterti senza la necessità di una lunga procedura. Infine, non dimenticare il nostro servizio di patente nautica italiana, perfetto per chi desidera navigare in sicurezza. Inizia oggi stesso e salta la password degli esami tradizionali. Contattaci subito per una soluzione rapida e semplice per la patente di guida! 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Cloud Based Ethical Hacking

Co-authors:
Citations: 10
Date: 01/01/2025
Abstract: XYZ, Sql injection, XSS Attack

A Case of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease Associated With Post-Dengue Transverse Presenting With Paraplegia and Urinary Retention

Co-authors:
Citations: 22
Date: 18/07/2025
Abstract: Transverse myelitis is the inflammation of the spinal cord, which causes the is demyelination in a horizontal plane. Dengue virus is known to be associated with transverse myelitis para or post infectiously. Autoantibodies such as Aquaporin-4 autoantibodies and Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibodies have been associated with transverse myelitis. However, the exact causal relationship is yet to be determined. We report a case of post-dengue fever transverse myelitis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease. A 26-year-old previously healthy young man presented with acute urinary retention and paraplegia. He had a recent history of contracting dengue virus infection. He had a positive serology for antibodies against the dengue virus and imaging showed the inflammation of the spinal cord consistent with transverse myelitis. Further workup demonstrated the presence of Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibodies. A diagnosis of Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease associated with post-dengue transverse myelitis was made. He was treated with high-dose methylprednisolone for 7 days followed by an oral tapping dose over 6 months. Follow-up examination and imaging showed subsequent improvement with complete recovery. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease is a very less understood and rare complication of dengue virus infection. Further studies are required to determine the exact mechanism. Moreover, prompt diagnosis. treatment can result in early recovery and complete remission of the disease.

The Current Cesarean Section Rate and Factors Associated with it among Women Attending The Tertiary Care Hospital in Hazara Division

Co-authors:
Citations: 20
Date: 23/07/2025
Abstract: Hina Iftekhar,Muneeba,Muhammad Hamza

The Trend of Modifiable Risk Factors of Ischemic Heart Disease in Pakistan from 2000 To 2022

Co-authors:
Citations: 12
Date: 22/07/2025
Abstract: Ischemic Heart Disease is the leading cause of mortality in Pakistan. It is cause by myocardial ischemia. Most cases of myocardial ischemia are as a result of coronary artery atherosclerosis. There are Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors of atherosclerosis. Here we discuss the trend of modifiable risk factors in Pakistan from 2000 to 2022. A Secondary analysis was conducted to find the trend of Modifiable risk factors and its relation with ischemic heart disease in Pakistan from 2000 to 2022. For this purpose, Literature review was performed using google scholar and PubMed, Data on trends of these risk factors was obtained from WHO Pakistan website. The trend of modifiable factors of ischemic heart disease, namely Tobacco smoking, Obesity, Alcohol consumption and Hypertension has been increasing in Pakistan, except for Tobacco smoking. Proper preventive measures must be taken to counter this specific death rate. This may include mass Health education, Health promotion, Dietary changes, and lifestyle changes.

A Case Study: Psychophysiological Impact of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and its Management in Pakistani Women

Co-authors:
Citations: 35
Date: 04/07/2025
Abstract: Poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complicated and heterogenous endocrine disorder in the women and it can cause different metabolic, reproductive, and psychological abnormalities and is known for effecting about one among fifteen women globally. PCOS has been frequently diagnosed in women across pakistan and is previously reported to cause different physical and psychological abnormalities like obesity, infertility, hirsutism, depression, and anxiety on a large scale. Irrespective of the higher prevalence still there is inadequacy in the knowledge about PCOS. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of different physical and psychological symptoms of PCOS and their co relation with the impact on the quality of life of the affected individual and common methods of treatment used for PCOS. A questionnaire-based study would be designed to collect the data randomly from women of about 17-50 years of age who are affected with PCOS. This questionnaire would be containing all the necessary questions related to the physical and psychological impacts and the treatment methods. This questionnaire-based survey would be analysed by using different statistical analysis tools to provide the complete analytical results. This study will help the medical practioners in the determination of the most prevalent symptoms and can also aid for the improvision in the treatment methods to enhance effectiveness of treatment. It can be used in different educational seminars to spread awareness regarding the symptoms and treatment. It can also aid in further research.